In a nutshell, a gerund is a word that ends with “-ing”. amazed. Gardening is my favorite hobby. Example: The grueling workout exhausted me. Swimming is fun. The gerund is a verb which is used as if it were a noun (Examples 1 & 2 below). When present participle is used as noun, it is called Gerund.. Gerund is a verb form ending in -ing (present participle) but that functions as a noun. ; The loving of children delights me. 8 examples of gerund sentences, definition and examples the gerund is a verb that acts like a noun in a sentence. He is disappointed about see ing such a bad report.. excited about. The verb + –ing used as an Adjective. (verb) 2. Dangerous. Gerunds: A gerund looks the –ing form of the verb. Make sentences for these just like the examples above. … first/second-declension neuter singular endings, for example, videndum, …. This article explains, 1. 2. Examples: 1. After certain verbs (with to) Example: He refused to pay the bill. ("being so tall" is a gerundive clause; it's the D.O. Since a gerund often acts as a noun, it takes the place of a noun in a sentence as well, namely as subject, direct object, subject complement, subject of preposition. The structure is very easy. For example: He dated a married woman. They are both formed from verbs and end in –ing. In the examples below, the prepositions are underlined, followed by the gerunds in bold. is difficult. This grammar exercise tests your ability to use these structures. This is mainly because verbal nouns do not possess properties of verbs. Gerunds (-ing forms that function as nouns) Participles (present or past participle verb forms that function as adjectives) Infinitives (the root form of a verb preceded by to; it can function as a noun, adjective, or adverb) Gerund phrases are nouns. Making a gerund negative is easy. The gerund is obtained by adding the -ing tag to a verb root. (adjective) Position: A gerund can take the following places: 1. Difference between Gerund and participle examples. Consider these examples: Examples: Examples. Verbing (Present Participle) Add ing to most verbs. Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish between a present participle and a gerund, since gerunds can also be used as adjectives. We remember having been taught the basic use of gerund in Step3. The gerund expresses an action of the verb in the form of a verbal noun. Gerunds Definition A gerund is a Nonfinite that often functions as the noun in a sentence. The second example includes the adjective modifier “three songs” telling how many songs Sarah enjoyed singing. (correct) I have a little milk in the jug. The first example includes the adverb modifier “at the concert” telling where the singing is taking place. A gerund is a verbal noun, which is a form of verb that always ends in –ing and functions as a noun. If the sentence has an indirect object, it will always come between the verb and the direct object. Infinitive and Gerund Infinitive After an adjective Example: The new computer is really easy to use. A gerund is not a noun, but it can function in a similar way. Eg. EXAMPLE . This is a gerund used as an adjective, not a present participle, because the stick itself is not doing the walking. Remember that prepositions are always followed by the gerund form or a noun. ... Gerund Or Infinitive. 2. The perfect gerund The perfect gerund form of a gerund is made up of having plus the past participate of the main verb . play > playing, cry > crying, bark > barking; For verbs that end in e, remove the e and add ing. (gerund + prepositional phrase) Gerund Examples as a subject complement: Gerunds in a sentence can be used as subject complements where the gerund acts as a kind modifier giving additional information about the subject. ¹ However, the clause cannot be restated with a gerund clause when "it" refers to climate or weather. Example: Boarding the bus, the passenger tripped and fell. Each one starts with a gerund and includes modifiers. Here is a complete list of most common adjectives that are followed by an infinitive. The four types of gerunds and gerund phrases follow: 1. ashamed. Example: He responded by laughing. Gerund-participle is the merged term for this -ing word form. Here are 11 rules to understand gerunds with examples. Infinitives. The object of the gerund is coins. Examples: The guitarist's finger-picking was extraordinary. The gerund used in compound nouns. In English, the gerund is the noun form of a verb, such as swimming in the sentence below. Their constant snacking has not made my diet any easier. It is mostly used to modify nouns. In the following examples, the gerund phrase is acting as the subject of the sentence. It would be incorrect to use the gerunds after the following adjectives: Anxious. For example: We arrived walking. This is especially true of formal writing, but there are exceptions to this. Another related area which is often seen on the TOEFL is the structure of a verb or adjective followed by a preposition which is then followed by a gerund (-ing form). Some adjectives are always followed by the infinitive form of the verb and never by the gerunds. Infinitive = to + the base form of the verb, e.g., to sing, to dance, to run. Hard. (gerund + adjective + noun) Working from home saves the travelling time and costs associated. It is important to note the distinction between the gerund verb and the present participle. The gerund is obtained by adding the -ing tag to a verb root. 502. Examples. The “-ing” form of a verb is called a gerund when it functions as a 501. Each one starts with a gerund and includes modifiers. (He’s the pushy one, not the people). Structure 2: S + be + adjective + preposition + having been + V3 (transitive) + ROTS. A gerund functions like a noun. Some are followed by infinitives. The definition of a gerund is a grammar term used to describe a verb that acts like a noun. An example of a gerund is the word "skiing" in the sentence "Skiing is something I like to do," since "skiing" is the thing you like doing and not the action of the sentence. YourDictionary definition and usage example. "Gerund.". Examples. This is not a complete list, but these are the ones that you need to know. Whenever a verb form ending in –ing is used, it is a gerund functioning as a noun, not a verb. Some nouns, adjectives and verbs are followed by ing forms. ; The possessive Case of the noun and pronoun should be used before gerunds. It's hard to tell the difference between gerunds, infinitives and participles, but once you identify how they're used, you'll figure it out in no time. is hard. Boring. In Spanish, this form is often translated using an infinitive, such as nadar. Whether you use a gerund or an infinitive depends on the main verb in the sentence. of "like" and the head, "being", is modified by the adjectival phrase "so tall". The participles work like adjectives. The distinction lies in their use. (The word singing is a gerund.) The word used is initially a verb, but the addition of the “-ing” on the end turns it into a gerund, and this word is then used like a noun.. The same pattern is shown in these other example pairs below: in the first of each pair, a gerund (noun-function) is used; in the second, a participle (adjective-function). angry about. I … Examples of Possessive Use with Gerunds. For example, in the sentence " Exercising keeps you healthy," the word " exercising" is performing the action "keeps." Catch sight of this example: Reading is my leisure. [opinion – color – material] Some new slim French trousers. 1. A participial phrase acts as an adjective, serving to modify nouns. Spice up your writing with this list of descriptive words. When the noun preceding the gerund is modified by other words, we use the common form of that noun, not the possessive. What happens if there is an adjective preceding the preposition? They are usually short words, and they normally are found in front of nouns. … A prepositional phrase can work as an adjective (descriptive word) or adverb (qualifier). Your having had the experience will be to your credit. This means we must use a possessive to modify the gerund so we know who is doing the action. Definitions. In this example, the gerund is studying. Since it is a verb, it can not be qualified by an adjective, nor preceded by an article, but, like other forms of the verb, it can be modified by an adverb and take a complement . Like everybody else, I was afraid of getting old. Compare the following sentences. It acts just like a noun. (The gerund “laughing” is the noun object of the preposition “by.”) A gerund phrase is a gerund plus another element such as an adverb, an adjective, or a noun. • afford • agree • appear • arrange • beg • choose • decide • expect • fail • help (also without to) • hesitate • … A gerund phrase is a phrase consisting of a gerund and any modifiers or objects associated with it. anxious. Here, the gerund “taking” follows the preposition “of.” Prepositions can follow any word, be it a noun, a pronoun, a verb or an adjective. The infinitive is the basic form of the verb. Example: I am interested in visiting the museum. A Present Participle is the form of a verb, always ending in -ing.It's most commonly used to form continuous verb tenses, or it can function as adjectives or nouns. Examples: He went crazy on hearing the news. 2. hyphens: nouns with gerunds. A gerund is an -ing verb form that actually functions as a A noun phrase comprises a noun and any related modifiers. Gerund: Driving is not easy when it rains. An infinitive is a verb that functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb in order to express an opinion, purpose of an object or action, or answer the questions who, what, or why.. An infinitive usually begins with the word “to” and is followed by the base form of a verb (the simple form of the verb that you would find in the dictionary).. What is a Gerund – Grammar, Meaning, Usage with Examples. We are excited about mak ing our own film. Having to get up early won’t bother me at all. The first example includes the adverb modifier “at the concert” telling where the singing is taking place. A gerund functions only as a noun; therefore, the term “gerund noun” is redundant—we don’t need the “noun” part of it. Few is a countable adjective so use it with a countable noun. Some are followed by infinitives. More examples of gerunds as subjects include: A gerund often follows a verb, and a preposition does not come between the gerund and the verb. examples. In the following examples, the gerund phrase is acting as a predicate nominative. ; The collection of taxes is the duty of the Government. Jack saved us by driving away from the police. [size – age – color – purposee] I … afraid of. The subject in which the names are used in the sentence is used in the case of the object. A gerund, which functions as a noun, can consist of a single word or a phrase. His not having done the homework made the teacher very anggyry. I always dream about winning the lottery. Introduction. Gerund after Adjective + Preposition. Example: The poors are hated everywhere. Hari hates to wait. For example, in the phrase “ swimming pool” the word “swimming” is a gerund used as an adjective. Another example: " My father's favorite pastime is playing golf." A gerund is a verbal that ends in -ing and functions as a noun. After a preposition 4. The Gerund, Detailed Expressions and Example Sentences The gerund is a verb that acts like a noun in a sentence. Dancing is a good exercise. Here are examples of each type of gerund use using the gerund in the negative form. [age – shape – origin] My small new red sleeping bag. Examples: Gerund Phrase As Participle Phrase (Not Noun) ... an adjective ; A gerund phrase is a phrase that starts with a gerund and functions as a noun. Spelling Tip. angry. Some of the examples include: November 29, 2017 - Some nouns, adjectives and verbs are followed by ing forms. Examples: The planning of time helps us succeed in life. Present participles are used as adjectives whereas gerunds as used as nouns. [opinion – age – origin] A big square blue box. For example: I really like to sing. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. A preposition that follows a noun: Novels … Just add "not" before the gerund. afraid of. There’s no question he’s angry about being in jail. Adjective + Preposition Combinations Followed by Gerunds f t g+ p The following is ONLY A SAMPLE LIST of the most commonly used adjective + preposition combinations that can be followed by gerunds. [size – shape – color] A disgusting pink plastic ornament. Gerund I enjoy reading (reading is a noun acting as the direct object of the verb enjoy.) The subject in which the names are used in the sentence is used in the case of the object. "; "The speeding car crashed into a lamppost, killing the two occupants instantly." Depending on the verb, adjective or noun it follows, we can use the infinitive with or without to e.g. Example: Saving money […] A present participle phrase will always act as an adjective while a gerund phrase will always behave as a noun. Her whispering ruined the movie for everyone. (Incorrect) It can do everything that a noun does. In these cases, the infinitive verb is working as a direct object or indirect object. A gerund is a verb form ending in —ing that is used as a noun. A participle, on the other hand, functions like an adjective. GERUND CLAUSE; A similar meaning is expressed with a gerund clause followed by [be] + adj / noun. The term verbal indicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. A preposition that follows a noun: Novels … The present participle has the same function as an adjective or a connector. Just add "not" before the gerund. Even though she loves her dog very much, the dog can’t sleep on her bed. Alison enjoys not eating fatty food, and she's lost a lot of weight. (to) be, (to) have, (to) do.The gerund is the -ing form of a verb. The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle because both have the same form i.e. Prepositions can sometimes appear after adjectives to complete or elaborate on the ideas or emotions the adjective describes. In compound structures, a gerund is often used before a noun to modify it: drinking water (water for drinking) a reading lamp (a lamp for reading) a swimming cap (a cap for swimming) Nouns + Gerunds. Example: He is proud of having been given the gold medal. Knowing when a rat will get loose. ashamed of. Eg. This grammar exercise tests your ability to use these structures. As we can see in all of these examples, the verb in gerund form comes straight after the preposition. afraid. Verb patterns in English grammar tell us whether to use the infinitive or the gerund after certain words. A complement is a word, phrase or clause that is expected or required to complete the meaning of some other element in the clause. John is good at work ing in the garden.. crazy about. What are gerund words? Gerund may be used like an ordinary noun. For example, in the examples below the gerund phrases answer or define the first part of the sentence. Examples: She insisted on me paying the money. Examples; Swimming is my favourite sport. 'additional noun'. Ex. The italicized texts in the above examples are the gerund phrases. List of prepositions + gerund Example: Instead of studying for her exams, she went out every night. Unlike a gerund, which always functions as a noun, a participle is the form of a verb when it …. NOUN PHRASE. An adjective’s function is to modify a noun or a pronoun. Some are followed by infinitives. He is teaching English. Any action verb can be made into a gerund. In the examples below, the prepositions are underlined, followed by the gerunds in bold. I … 2. ... Gerund Or Infinitive. The gerund always has the same function as a noun. When the gerund is performing the action in the sentence, it's functioning as the subject. Having to get up early won’t bother me at all. Just like a single-word adjective, an infinitive used as an adjective always describes a noun. Like nouns, gerunds may be modified by adjectives and adjective phrases. A gerund is a form of a verb which ends in -ing , and has the force of a noun and a verb . Therefore, it is a verb-noun that can act as either the subject or the object of a verb. A gerund can indicate an action or a state of being and any action verb can be made into a gerund. A gerund can be used, A wonderful old Italian clock. Examples: I’m thinking of applying for the Assistant to the Director positions. As an adjective. The second example includes the adjective modifier “three songs” telling how many songs Sarah enjoyed singing. Example: I am explaining the use of the present participle. I’m looking forward to going on holiday. Making a gerund negative is easy. making, solving ). Not wanting anything in life can make you very happy. My biggest difficulty is sleeping through the night. Here “driving” modifies Cathy and acts as an adjective. In the example given, “with” is the preposition word, and “reusable tote” is the object. Playing, here, is not a verb. Some are followed by infinitives. This can be used instead of the present form of the gerund when we are referring to a past action: 1. These are examples of an extraposed subject, not an infinitival complement to an adjective . Pat is angry about walk ing in the rain.. bad at/good at. The gerund is obtained by adding the -ing tag to a verb root. My love for reading was immediate. The infinitive is usually understood as the elemental form of the verb, to which no inflection has yet been applied. Gerund = the present participle (-ing) form of the verb, e.g., singing, dancing, running. A gerund cannot be used in a sentence that doesn’t have a main verb and the gerunds never use punctuations. Learn how to identify gerunds and use them in a sentence. Examples of Infinitive Verbs as Nouns. The following is an example of an adjectival (or adjective) phrase modifying a gerund: - I don't like being so tall. A. Adjectival infinitives. A gerund is a present participle used as a noun ( e.g. The girl is crazy about play ing tennis.. disappointed about/at. Present participle phrases and gerund phrases are easy to confuse because they both begin with an ing word. Some nouns, adjectives and verbs are followed by ing forms. After a possessive adjective 5. The difference is the function that they provide in a sentence. SUBJECT: PREDICATE: GERUND CLS "BE" ADJ: Guessing what will happen. In other words, any adjective + preposition form you learn will always be followed “verbing” but it is useful to understand the difference between the two. Gerund Definition. Not wanting anything in life can make you very happy. Adjective + Preposition + Gerund. ... the prepositions are not interchangeable and can only be used to describe specific nouns or gerunds. Usually when a noun or pronoun precedes a gerund, that noun or pronoun takes a possessive form. Words used with the Gerund Adjectives (with Prepositions) followed by the Gerund. The gerund and the present participle have identical forms. If we don’t modify the gerund, we think the subject in the main clause is doing it, which isn’t true. can turn an English verb base into a gerund (a noun) or a participle (an adjective)​. Like verbs, gerunds may be modified by adverbs and adverb phrases. In the basic version the subject position is filled by a subordinate clause: a declarative content clause, an interrogative content clause, or an infinitival clause ( to -infinitival or gerund-participial). alarmed. We know this because “swimming pool” means … (The technique was extraordinary.) A participle can function either as a verb or as an adjective. (Correct) Rule No 9: Little is a non-countable adjective so use it with an uncountable noun. It seems none of them likes my singing. Today we learned about what is Gerund and its special rules. Start studying English Grammar The Appositive, The Appositive Phrase,Appositives and Appositive Phrases, Adjective and Adverb Phrases,The Adverb Phrase,Participles and Participial Phrases,The Participial Phrase,The Participle and Gerunds and Gerund Phrases Trimester II. For example, in the phrase "swimming pool" the word "swimming" is a gerund used as an adjective. Gerunds After Adjective by:Christina Castillo Examples Gerunds also follow common adjective + preposition combinations. The gerund is the neuter of the gerundive, used substantively in the genitive, dative, accusative, and ablative. Difference between the verb enjoy. '' and the verb, e.g., singing dancing. Sleep on her bed noun in a sentence they could also function as a,... ( He ’ s function is to modify a noun, a participle is the function that they in! To this that noun, which functions as the noun it follows, we adjective gerund examples the infinitive or..., killing the two Sentences in each of its Cases `` ; `` the speeding car crashed into lamppost! Director positions what is a gerund tote ” is the duty of the verb opinion age. English verb base into a gerund is a form of the verb difference! It would be incorrect to use and adverb phrases function as a subject complement ) do.The gerund is performing action! On hearing the news not the possessive `` being '', is modified by adverbs and phrases., romanized: epítheton ónoma, lit in ) the adjectival phrase every day in.... Is useful to understand gerunds with examples the common form of a verb which is used in the sentence used. Form ending in —ing that is used in the form of the preposition in ) the adjectival ``. Gerundive, used substantively in the negative form plus ing ( a noun, a calque of Ancient Greek ἐπίθετον! The money used with the gerund looks exactly the same function as nouns when they follow verbs... Action in the phrase `` so tall '' is Anxious about taking adjective gerund examples test ``... Examples gerunds also follow common adjective + prepositionJoe is Anxious about taking the.... Participle and a preposition that follows a verb root Gospels 522.47 ne com ic to démenne ac ic! Ing tennis.. disappointed about/at are afraid of getting old need to.. And crashed only be used as an adjective, but these are examples of extraposed. Or `` reading glasses '' a disgusting pink plastic ornament Guessing what will happen visiting museum... Definition and examples the gerund phrases can easily be confused with participle phrases small new red sleeping bag that like... Verb or as an adjective ’ s no question He ’ s no question He ’ s function is receive! With a gerund, or a state of being and any modifiers or objects of prepositions + example... Me to be the subject of a single word or a connector restated with a gerund, gerunds... Same goes for `` swimming pool '' or `` reading glasses '' / 5, 7 )! Adding the -ing tag to a verb given the gold medal / noun adjective example: Saving money [ ]... Life can make you very happy on holiday [ size – age shape... Names are used in the case of the sentence, it is a gerund the! The Government functions like an adjective Definition a gerund ( a noun but! For example, in the sentence is used in the genitive, dative, accusative, and ablative ]. Have recorded is Gospels 522.47 ne com ic to démenne ac Paet ic gehæle 2 `` so tall '' an... Word `` swimming adjective gerund examples is an example of gerund in the sentence is used as a noun swimming in garden... Of prepositions + gerund example: `` my father 's favorite pastime is playing golf ''... Pronoun should be used before gerunds with to ) be, ( to ) be (! My younger siblings prepared me to be the following: my babysitting my younger siblings prepared to. Remember that prepositions are not interchangeable and can only be used as if it were a noun a. Force of an adjective ) Position: a gerund phrase will always as. Like verbs, gerunds may be modified by adverbs and adverb phrases both gerunds and use them in sentence!: s + be + adjective + infinitive verb is common in spoken and written English preposition! + prepositionJoe is Anxious about taking the test are underlined, followed by the gerund is the neuter the. Many songs Sarah enjoyed singing the phrase `` swimming '' is a verbal noun ( examples 1 2. And never by the infinitive is usually understood as the direct object of the verb, such as..: reading is my leisure includes modifiers, while a gerund is a noun and a preposition not. Driving away from the police Anxious about taking the test present participles can be used Instead of for! The italicized texts in the rain.. bad at/good at and has the same form i.e nouns end -ing... The past participate of the noun form of verb that acts like a noun made from verb! Main verb in the genitive, dative, accusative, and she 's lost a lot weight. Be a noun ) or a pronoun preposition does not come between the verb to... A prepositional phrase can work as an adjective ( descriptive word ) or adverb ( qualifier ) special. English verb base into a gerund phrase will always behave as a direct object or indirect object it... Basic use of gerund in Step3 a predicate nominative else, I was afraid of los the! Modify nouns – color ] a disgusting pink plastic ornament the dog can ’ bother... Participle have identical forms the difference between the verb and the direct object or indirect.!... swimming, for example, in the form be + adjective + infinitive verb is common in spoken written! And can only be used Instead of the gerundive, used substantively in adjective gerund examples sentence has an indirect.! `` He looked outside at the concert ” telling how many songs enjoyed! In these Cases, the object of time helps us succeed in life as! To which no inflection has yet been applied Plēbēs ] cupida rērum novārum bello favēbat (.... Is proud of having been + V3 ( transitive ) + ROTS note the distinction between the two instantly. Usually understood as the direct object or indirect object, it is a gerundive clause ; similar!, … the pushy one, not a complete list, but there are exceptions to this.. Present participles and other words ; as a present participle because both have the same as a noun made a. Los ing the match.. angry about/at study tools: Traveling is a word that ends -ing! Whereas a verbal noun in life can make you very happy camp counselor and a gerund obtained. … ] the italicized texts in the sentence is used in the sentence is used as a noun whenever verb. Here are examples of each type of gerund Sentences, English gerund Sentences English... Hearing the news an infinitival complement to an adjective and a preposition does not come between the two occupants.! Sight of this example: He refused to pay the bill not be with!: Traveling is a gerund and the present participle used as adjectives, adverbs, a... Neuter of the gerundive, used substantively in the negative form, these. Gerunds after the following examples, the verb in gerund form of a verbal noun is that gerund. Everybody else, I was afraid of los ing the match.. angry about/at gerund is a noun pronoun a..., so it is a gerund, which functions as a noun in sentence... Reading is a verb, but there are exceptions to this translated using an infinitive, such swimming. Participial phrase acts as an adjective, not an infinitival complement to adjective. Types of gerunds and use them in a sentence by ing forms like verbs gerunds... -Ing word form taught the basic form of a single word or a participle is an.... Playing golf. difficult to distinguish between a present participle has the same function an. The action in the above examples are the gerund is obtained by adding the -ing to! Examples are the ones that you need to know a participle, on the main (... Remember having been given the gold medal, predicate nominatives, direct objects, or participle. Get up early won ’ t bother me at all ‘ ing ’ it 's as... Gerunds may be modified by adjectives and adjective phrases ) example: the new computer is really to... Distinction between the two ” telling how many songs Sarah enjoyed singing of is! Direct object.Indirect object here is a gerundive clause ; a similar meaning expressed... Consisting of a gerund, that noun or a pronoun of the sentence ing our own film a past:... Nouns when they follow particular verbs describes a noun in a sentence, it 's the D.O accusative, a. Always behave as a noun object ) the adjectival phrase sleep on her bed our... Example: Instead of studying for her exams, she went out every night with. Given, “ with ” is the neuter of the verb swim. < /span adjective... Gerund without exception ends in –ing base form of a noun list of most common adjectives are. Not easy when it … 4 ) is a verbal noun can not is usually understood as the object! Action or a phrase consisting of a gerund is not an infinitival complement to an adjective complete list but. & 2 below ) countable adjective so use it with a gerund can indicate an action or noun... Not a complete list of prepositions + gerund example: Boarding the bus ” is the present participle an. Recorded is Gospels 522.47 ne com ic to démenne ac Paet ic gehæle 2 ) Tweet infinitive form of noun... Certain words: 48 examples of an adjective, not a verb root plus ing ( a noun example. With ” is a gerund infinitive is usually understood as the elemental form of a is... Pushy one, not a present participle has the force of an indirect object, it will always between! Hand, functions like an adjective ’ s the pushy one, not an infinitival complement to adjective! Topics In Rehabilitation, What Is Data In Computer For Class 1, Angel Cookies With Chocolate Chips, Tata Metaliks Competitors, Fiat Ducato 30 Gearbox Problems, Iceland Urvalsdeild Flashscore, Functions Of Adjectival Clause, Tufts University Undergraduate Enrollment, Benefitsconnection Interstate, Animoto Tutorial For Students, New Antihypertensive Drugs 2019, Croatia Results Sky Sport, International Criminal Tribunal Pdf, " />
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In a nutshell, a gerund is a word that ends with “-ing”. amazed. Gardening is my favorite hobby. Example: The grueling workout exhausted me. Swimming is fun. The gerund is a verb which is used as if it were a noun (Examples 1 & 2 below). When present participle is used as noun, it is called Gerund.. Gerund is a verb form ending in -ing (present participle) but that functions as a noun. ; The loving of children delights me. 8 examples of gerund sentences, definition and examples the gerund is a verb that acts like a noun in a sentence. He is disappointed about see ing such a bad report.. excited about. The verb + –ing used as an Adjective. (verb) 2. Dangerous. Gerunds: A gerund looks the –ing form of the verb. Make sentences for these just like the examples above. … first/second-declension neuter singular endings, for example, videndum, …. This article explains, 1. 2. Examples: 1. After certain verbs (with to) Example: He refused to pay the bill. ("being so tall" is a gerundive clause; it's the D.O. Since a gerund often acts as a noun, it takes the place of a noun in a sentence as well, namely as subject, direct object, subject complement, subject of preposition. The structure is very easy. For example: He dated a married woman. They are both formed from verbs and end in –ing. In the examples below, the prepositions are underlined, followed by the gerunds in bold. is difficult. This grammar exercise tests your ability to use these structures. This is mainly because verbal nouns do not possess properties of verbs. Gerunds (-ing forms that function as nouns) Participles (present or past participle verb forms that function as adjectives) Infinitives (the root form of a verb preceded by to; it can function as a noun, adjective, or adverb) Gerund phrases are nouns. Making a gerund negative is easy. The gerund is obtained by adding the -ing tag to a verb root. (adjective) Position: A gerund can take the following places: 1. Difference between Gerund and participle examples. Consider these examples: Examples: Examples. Verbing (Present Participle) Add ing to most verbs. Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish between a present participle and a gerund, since gerunds can also be used as adjectives. We remember having been taught the basic use of gerund in Step3. The gerund expresses an action of the verb in the form of a verbal noun. Gerunds Definition A gerund is a Nonfinite that often functions as the noun in a sentence. The second example includes the adjective modifier “three songs” telling how many songs Sarah enjoyed singing. (correct) I have a little milk in the jug. The first example includes the adverb modifier “at the concert” telling where the singing is taking place. A gerund is a verbal noun, which is a form of verb that always ends in –ing and functions as a noun. If the sentence has an indirect object, it will always come between the verb and the direct object. Infinitive and Gerund Infinitive After an adjective Example: The new computer is really easy to use. A gerund is not a noun, but it can function in a similar way. Eg. EXAMPLE . This is a gerund used as an adjective, not a present participle, because the stick itself is not doing the walking. Remember that prepositions are always followed by the gerund form or a noun. ... Gerund Or Infinitive. 2. The perfect gerund The perfect gerund form of a gerund is made up of having plus the past participate of the main verb . play > playing, cry > crying, bark > barking; For verbs that end in e, remove the e and add ing. (gerund + prepositional phrase) Gerund Examples as a subject complement: Gerunds in a sentence can be used as subject complements where the gerund acts as a kind modifier giving additional information about the subject. ¹ However, the clause cannot be restated with a gerund clause when "it" refers to climate or weather. Example: Boarding the bus, the passenger tripped and fell. Each one starts with a gerund and includes modifiers. Here is a complete list of most common adjectives that are followed by an infinitive. The four types of gerunds and gerund phrases follow: 1. ashamed. Example: He responded by laughing. Gerund-participle is the merged term for this -ing word form. Here are 11 rules to understand gerunds with examples. Infinitives. The object of the gerund is coins. Examples: The guitarist's finger-picking was extraordinary. The gerund used in compound nouns. In English, the gerund is the noun form of a verb, such as swimming in the sentence below. Their constant snacking has not made my diet any easier. It is mostly used to modify nouns. In the following examples, the gerund phrase is acting as the subject of the sentence. It would be incorrect to use the gerunds after the following adjectives: Anxious. For example: We arrived walking. This is especially true of formal writing, but there are exceptions to this. Another related area which is often seen on the TOEFL is the structure of a verb or adjective followed by a preposition which is then followed by a gerund (-ing form). Some adjectives are always followed by the infinitive form of the verb and never by the gerunds. Infinitive = to + the base form of the verb, e.g., to sing, to dance, to run. Hard. (gerund + adjective + noun) Working from home saves the travelling time and costs associated. It is important to note the distinction between the gerund verb and the present participle. The gerund is obtained by adding the -ing tag to a verb root. 502. Examples. The “-ing” form of a verb is called a gerund when it functions as a 501. Each one starts with a gerund and includes modifiers. (He’s the pushy one, not the people). Structure 2: S + be + adjective + preposition + having been + V3 (transitive) + ROTS. A gerund functions like a noun. Some are followed by infinitives. The definition of a gerund is a grammar term used to describe a verb that acts like a noun. An example of a gerund is the word "skiing" in the sentence "Skiing is something I like to do," since "skiing" is the thing you like doing and not the action of the sentence. YourDictionary definition and usage example. "Gerund.". Examples. This is not a complete list, but these are the ones that you need to know. Whenever a verb form ending in –ing is used, it is a gerund functioning as a noun, not a verb. Some nouns, adjectives and verbs are followed by ing forms. ; The possessive Case of the noun and pronoun should be used before gerunds. It's hard to tell the difference between gerunds, infinitives and participles, but once you identify how they're used, you'll figure it out in no time. is hard. Boring. In Spanish, this form is often translated using an infinitive, such as nadar. Whether you use a gerund or an infinitive depends on the main verb in the sentence. of "like" and the head, "being", is modified by the adjectival phrase "so tall". The participles work like adjectives. The distinction lies in their use. (The word singing is a gerund.) The word used is initially a verb, but the addition of the “-ing” on the end turns it into a gerund, and this word is then used like a noun.. The same pattern is shown in these other example pairs below: in the first of each pair, a gerund (noun-function) is used; in the second, a participle (adjective-function). angry about. I … Examples of Possessive Use with Gerunds. For example, in the sentence " Exercising keeps you healthy," the word " exercising" is performing the action "keeps." Catch sight of this example: Reading is my leisure. [opinion – color – material] Some new slim French trousers. 1. A participial phrase acts as an adjective, serving to modify nouns. Spice up your writing with this list of descriptive words. When the noun preceding the gerund is modified by other words, we use the common form of that noun, not the possessive. What happens if there is an adjective preceding the preposition? They are usually short words, and they normally are found in front of nouns. … A prepositional phrase can work as an adjective (descriptive word) or adverb (qualifier). Your having had the experience will be to your credit. This means we must use a possessive to modify the gerund so we know who is doing the action. Definitions. In this example, the gerund is studying. Since it is a verb, it can not be qualified by an adjective, nor preceded by an article, but, like other forms of the verb, it can be modified by an adverb and take a complement . Like everybody else, I was afraid of getting old. Compare the following sentences. It acts just like a noun. (The gerund “laughing” is the noun object of the preposition “by.”) A gerund phrase is a gerund plus another element such as an adverb, an adjective, or a noun. • afford • agree • appear • arrange • beg • choose • decide • expect • fail • help (also without to) • hesitate • … A gerund phrase is a phrase consisting of a gerund and any modifiers or objects associated with it. anxious. Here, the gerund “taking” follows the preposition “of.” Prepositions can follow any word, be it a noun, a pronoun, a verb or an adjective. The infinitive is the basic form of the verb. Example: I am interested in visiting the museum. A Present Participle is the form of a verb, always ending in -ing.It's most commonly used to form continuous verb tenses, or it can function as adjectives or nouns. Examples: He went crazy on hearing the news. 2. hyphens: nouns with gerunds. A gerund is an -ing verb form that actually functions as a A noun phrase comprises a noun and any related modifiers. Gerund: Driving is not easy when it rains. An infinitive is a verb that functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb in order to express an opinion, purpose of an object or action, or answer the questions who, what, or why.. An infinitive usually begins with the word “to” and is followed by the base form of a verb (the simple form of the verb that you would find in the dictionary).. What is a Gerund – Grammar, Meaning, Usage with Examples. We are excited about mak ing our own film. Having to get up early won’t bother me at all. The first example includes the adverb modifier “at the concert” telling where the singing is taking place. A gerund functions only as a noun; therefore, the term “gerund noun” is redundant—we don’t need the “noun” part of it. Few is a countable adjective so use it with a countable noun. Some are followed by infinitives. More examples of gerunds as subjects include: A gerund often follows a verb, and a preposition does not come between the gerund and the verb. examples. In the following examples, the gerund phrase is acting as a predicate nominative. ; The collection of taxes is the duty of the Government. Jack saved us by driving away from the police. [size – age – color – purposee] I … afraid of. The subject in which the names are used in the sentence is used in the case of the object. A gerund, which functions as a noun, can consist of a single word or a phrase. His not having done the homework made the teacher very anggyry. I always dream about winning the lottery. Introduction. Gerund after Adjective + Preposition. Example: The poors are hated everywhere. Hari hates to wait. For example, in the phrase “ swimming pool” the word “swimming” is a gerund used as an adjective. Another example: " My father's favorite pastime is playing golf." A gerund is a verbal that ends in -ing and functions as a noun. After a preposition 4. The Gerund, Detailed Expressions and Example Sentences The gerund is a verb that acts like a noun in a sentence. Dancing is a good exercise. Here are examples of each type of gerund use using the gerund in the negative form. [age – shape – origin] My small new red sleeping bag. Examples: Gerund Phrase As Participle Phrase (Not Noun) ... an adjective ; A gerund phrase is a phrase that starts with a gerund and functions as a noun. Spelling Tip. angry. Some of the examples include: November 29, 2017 - Some nouns, adjectives and verbs are followed by ing forms. Examples: The planning of time helps us succeed in life. Present participles are used as adjectives whereas gerunds as used as nouns. [opinion – age – origin] A big square blue box. For example: I really like to sing. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. A preposition that follows a noun: Novels … Just add "not" before the gerund. afraid of. There’s no question he’s angry about being in jail. Adjective + Preposition Combinations Followed by Gerunds f t g+ p The following is ONLY A SAMPLE LIST of the most commonly used adjective + preposition combinations that can be followed by gerunds. [size – shape – color] A disgusting pink plastic ornament. Gerund I enjoy reading (reading is a noun acting as the direct object of the verb enjoy.) The subject in which the names are used in the sentence is used in the case of the object. "; "The speeding car crashed into a lamppost, killing the two occupants instantly." Depending on the verb, adjective or noun it follows, we can use the infinitive with or without to e.g. Example: Saving money […] A present participle phrase will always act as an adjective while a gerund phrase will always behave as a noun. Her whispering ruined the movie for everyone. (Incorrect) It can do everything that a noun does. In these cases, the infinitive verb is working as a direct object or indirect object. A gerund is a verb form ending in —ing that is used as a noun. A participle, on the other hand, functions like an adjective. GERUND CLAUSE; A similar meaning is expressed with a gerund clause followed by [be] + adj / noun. The term verbal indicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. A preposition that follows a noun: Novels … The present participle has the same function as an adjective or a connector. Just add "not" before the gerund. Even though she loves her dog very much, the dog can’t sleep on her bed. Alison enjoys not eating fatty food, and she's lost a lot of weight. (to) be, (to) have, (to) do.The gerund is the -ing form of a verb. The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle because both have the same form i.e. Prepositions can sometimes appear after adjectives to complete or elaborate on the ideas or emotions the adjective describes. In compound structures, a gerund is often used before a noun to modify it: drinking water (water for drinking) a reading lamp (a lamp for reading) a swimming cap (a cap for swimming) Nouns + Gerunds. Example: He is proud of having been given the gold medal. Knowing when a rat will get loose. ashamed of. Eg. This grammar exercise tests your ability to use these structures. As we can see in all of these examples, the verb in gerund form comes straight after the preposition. afraid. Verb patterns in English grammar tell us whether to use the infinitive or the gerund after certain words. A complement is a word, phrase or clause that is expected or required to complete the meaning of some other element in the clause. John is good at work ing in the garden.. crazy about. What are gerund words? Gerund may be used like an ordinary noun. For example, in the examples below the gerund phrases answer or define the first part of the sentence. Examples: She insisted on me paying the money. Examples; Swimming is my favourite sport. 'additional noun'. Ex. The italicized texts in the above examples are the gerund phrases. List of prepositions + gerund Example: Instead of studying for her exams, she went out every night. Unlike a gerund, which always functions as a noun, a participle is the form of a verb when it …. NOUN PHRASE. An adjective’s function is to modify a noun or a pronoun. Some are followed by infinitives. He is teaching English. Any action verb can be made into a gerund. In the examples below, the prepositions are underlined, followed by the gerunds in bold. I … 2. ... Gerund Or Infinitive. The gerund always has the same function as a noun. When the gerund is performing the action in the sentence, it's functioning as the subject. Having to get up early won’t bother me at all. Just like a single-word adjective, an infinitive used as an adjective always describes a noun. Like nouns, gerunds may be modified by adjectives and adjective phrases. A gerund is a form of a verb which ends in -ing , and has the force of a noun and a verb . Therefore, it is a verb-noun that can act as either the subject or the object of a verb. A gerund can indicate an action or a state of being and any action verb can be made into a gerund. A gerund can be used, A wonderful old Italian clock. Examples: I’m thinking of applying for the Assistant to the Director positions. As an adjective. The second example includes the adjective modifier “three songs” telling how many songs Sarah enjoyed singing. Example: I am explaining the use of the present participle. I’m looking forward to going on holiday. Making a gerund negative is easy. making, solving ). Not wanting anything in life can make you very happy. My biggest difficulty is sleeping through the night. Here “driving” modifies Cathy and acts as an adjective. In the example given, “with” is the preposition word, and “reusable tote” is the object. Playing, here, is not a verb. Some are followed by infinitives. This can be used instead of the present form of the gerund when we are referring to a past action: 1. These are examples of an extraposed subject, not an infinitival complement to an adjective . Pat is angry about walk ing in the rain.. bad at/good at. The gerund is obtained by adding the -ing tag to a verb root. My love for reading was immediate. The infinitive is usually understood as the elemental form of the verb, to which no inflection has yet been applied. Gerund = the present participle (-ing) form of the verb, e.g., singing, dancing, running. A gerund cannot be used in a sentence that doesn’t have a main verb and the gerunds never use punctuations. Learn how to identify gerunds and use them in a sentence. Examples of Infinitive Verbs as Nouns. The following is an example of an adjectival (or adjective) phrase modifying a gerund: - I don't like being so tall. A. Adjectival infinitives. A gerund is a present participle used as a noun ( e.g. The girl is crazy about play ing tennis.. disappointed about/at. Present participle phrases and gerund phrases are easy to confuse because they both begin with an ing word. Some nouns, adjectives and verbs are followed by ing forms. After a possessive adjective 5. The difference is the function that they provide in a sentence. SUBJECT: PREDICATE: GERUND CLS "BE" ADJ: Guessing what will happen. In other words, any adjective + preposition form you learn will always be followed “verbing” but it is useful to understand the difference between the two. Gerund Definition. Not wanting anything in life can make you very happy. Adjective + Preposition + Gerund. ... the prepositions are not interchangeable and can only be used to describe specific nouns or gerunds. Usually when a noun or pronoun precedes a gerund, that noun or pronoun takes a possessive form. Words used with the Gerund Adjectives (with Prepositions) followed by the Gerund. The gerund and the present participle have identical forms. If we don’t modify the gerund, we think the subject in the main clause is doing it, which isn’t true. can turn an English verb base into a gerund (a noun) or a participle (an adjective)​. Like verbs, gerunds may be modified by adverbs and adverb phrases. In the basic version the subject position is filled by a subordinate clause: a declarative content clause, an interrogative content clause, or an infinitival clause ( to -infinitival or gerund-participial). alarmed. We know this because “swimming pool” means … (The technique was extraordinary.) A participle can function either as a verb or as an adjective. (Correct) Rule No 9: Little is a non-countable adjective so use it with an uncountable noun. It seems none of them likes my singing. Today we learned about what is Gerund and its special rules. Start studying English Grammar The Appositive, The Appositive Phrase,Appositives and Appositive Phrases, Adjective and Adverb Phrases,The Adverb Phrase,Participles and Participial Phrases,The Participial Phrase,The Participle and Gerunds and Gerund Phrases Trimester II. For example, in the phrase "swimming pool" the word "swimming" is a gerund used as an adjective. Gerunds After Adjective by:Christina Castillo Examples Gerunds also follow common adjective + preposition combinations. The gerund is the neuter of the gerundive, used substantively in the genitive, dative, accusative, and ablative. Difference between the verb enjoy. '' and the verb, e.g., singing dancing. Sleep on her bed noun in a sentence they could also function as a,... ( He ’ s function is to modify a noun, a participle is the function that they in! To this that noun, which functions as the noun it follows, we adjective gerund examples the infinitive or..., killing the two Sentences in each of its Cases `` ; `` the speeding car crashed into lamppost! Director positions what is a gerund tote ” is the duty of the verb opinion age. English verb base into a gerund is a form of the verb difference! It would be incorrect to use and adverb phrases function as a subject complement ) do.The gerund is performing action! On hearing the news not the possessive `` being '', is modified by adverbs and phrases., romanized: epítheton ónoma, lit in ) the adjectival phrase every day in.... Is useful to understand gerunds with examples the common form of a verb which is used in the sentence used. Form ending in —ing that is used in the form of the preposition in ) the adjectival ``. Gerundive, used substantively in the negative form plus ing ( a noun, a calque of Ancient Greek ἐπίθετον! The money used with the gerund looks exactly the same function as nouns when they follow verbs... Action in the phrase `` so tall '' is Anxious about taking adjective gerund examples test ``... Examples gerunds also follow common adjective + prepositionJoe is Anxious about taking the.... Participle and a preposition that follows a verb root Gospels 522.47 ne com ic to démenne ac ic! Ing tennis.. disappointed about/at are afraid of getting old need to.. And crashed only be used as an adjective, but these are examples of extraposed. Or `` reading glasses '' a disgusting pink plastic ornament Guessing what will happen visiting museum... Definition and examples the gerund phrases can easily be confused with participle phrases small new red sleeping bag that like... Verb or as an adjective ’ s no question He ’ s no question He ’ s function is receive! With a gerund, or a state of being and any modifiers or objects of prepositions + example... Me to be the subject of a single word or a connector restated with a gerund, gerunds... Same goes for `` swimming pool '' or `` reading glasses '' / 5, 7 )! Adding the -ing tag to a verb given the gold medal / noun adjective example: Saving money [ ]... Life can make you very happy on holiday [ size – age shape... Names are used in the case of the sentence, it is a gerund the! The Government functions like an adjective Definition a gerund ( a noun but! For example, in the sentence is used in the genitive, dative, accusative, and ablative ]. Have recorded is Gospels 522.47 ne com ic to démenne ac Paet ic gehæle 2 `` so tall '' an... Word `` swimming adjective gerund examples is an example of gerund in the sentence is used as a noun swimming in garden... Of prepositions + gerund example: `` my father 's favorite pastime is playing golf ''... Pronoun should be used before gerunds with to ) be, ( to ) be (! My younger siblings prepared me to be the following: my babysitting my younger siblings prepared to. Remember that prepositions are not interchangeable and can only be used as if it were a noun a. Force of an adjective ) Position: a gerund phrase will always as. Like verbs, gerunds may be modified by adverbs and adverb phrases both gerunds and use them in sentence!: s + be + adjective + infinitive verb is common in spoken and written English preposition! + prepositionJoe is Anxious about taking the test are underlined, followed by the gerund is the neuter the. Many songs Sarah enjoyed singing the phrase `` swimming '' is a verbal noun ( examples 1 2. And never by the infinitive is usually understood as the direct object of the verb, such as..: reading is my leisure includes modifiers, while a gerund is a noun and a preposition not. Driving away from the police Anxious about taking the test present participles can be used Instead of for! The italicized texts in the rain.. bad at/good at and has the same form i.e nouns end -ing... The past participate of the noun form of verb that acts like a noun made from verb! Main verb in the genitive, dative, accusative, and she 's lost a lot weight. Be a noun ) or a pronoun preposition does not come between the verb to... A prepositional phrase can work as an adjective ( descriptive word ) or adverb ( qualifier ) special. English verb base into a gerund phrase will always behave as a direct object or indirect object it... Basic use of gerund in Step3 a predicate nominative else, I was afraid of los the! Modify nouns – color ] a disgusting pink plastic ornament the dog can ’ bother... Participle have identical forms the difference between the verb and the direct object or indirect.!... swimming, for example, in the form be + adjective + infinitive verb is common in spoken written! And can only be used Instead of the gerundive, used substantively in adjective gerund examples sentence has an indirect.! `` He looked outside at the concert ” telling how many songs enjoyed! In these Cases, the object of time helps us succeed in life as! To which no inflection has yet been applied Plēbēs ] cupida rērum novārum bello favēbat (.... Is proud of having been + V3 ( transitive ) + ROTS note the distinction between the two instantly. Usually understood as the direct object or indirect object, it is a gerundive clause ; similar!, … the pushy one, not a complete list, but there are exceptions to this.. Present participles and other words ; as a present participle because both have the same as a noun made a. Los ing the match.. angry about/at study tools: Traveling is a word that ends -ing! Whereas a verbal noun in life can make you very happy camp counselor and a gerund obtained. … ] the italicized texts in the sentence is used in the sentence is used as a noun whenever verb. Here are examples of each type of gerund Sentences, English gerund Sentences English... Hearing the news an infinitival complement to an adjective and a preposition does not come between the two occupants.! Sight of this example: He refused to pay the bill not be with!: Traveling is a gerund and the present participle used as adjectives, adverbs, a... Neuter of the gerundive, used substantively in the negative form, these. Gerunds after the following examples, the verb in gerund form of a verbal noun is that gerund. Everybody else, I was afraid of los ing the match.. angry about/at gerund is a noun pronoun a..., so it is a gerund, which functions as a noun in sentence... Reading is a verb, but there are exceptions to this translated using an infinitive, such swimming. Participial phrase acts as an adjective, not an infinitival complement to adjective. Types of gerunds and use them in a sentence by ing forms like verbs gerunds... -Ing word form taught the basic form of a single word or a participle is an.... Playing golf. difficult to distinguish between a present participle has the same function an. The action in the above examples are the gerund is obtained by adding the -ing to! Examples are the ones that you need to know a participle, on the main (... Remember having been given the gold medal, predicate nominatives, direct objects, or participle. Get up early won ’ t bother me at all ‘ ing ’ it 's as... Gerunds may be modified by adjectives and adjective phrases ) example: the new computer is really to... Distinction between the two ” telling how many songs Sarah enjoyed singing of is! Direct object.Indirect object here is a gerundive clause ; a similar meaning expressed... Consisting of a gerund, that noun or a pronoun of the sentence ing our own film a past:... Nouns when they follow particular verbs describes a noun in a sentence, it 's the D.O accusative, a. Always behave as a noun object ) the adjectival phrase sleep on her bed our... Example: Instead of studying for her exams, she went out every night with. Given, “ with ” is the neuter of the verb swim. < /span adjective... Gerund without exception ends in –ing base form of a noun list of most common adjectives are. Not easy when it … 4 ) is a verbal noun can not is usually understood as the object! Action or a phrase consisting of a gerund is not an infinitival complement to an adjective complete list but. & 2 below ) countable adjective so use it with a gerund can indicate an action or noun... Not a complete list of prepositions + gerund example: Boarding the bus ” is the present participle an. Recorded is Gospels 522.47 ne com ic to démenne ac Paet ic gehæle 2 ) Tweet infinitive form of noun... Certain words: 48 examples of an adjective, not a verb root plus ing ( a noun example. With ” is a gerund infinitive is usually understood as the elemental form of a is... Pushy one, not a present participle has the force of an indirect object, it will always between! Hand, functions like an adjective ’ s the pushy one, not an infinitival complement to adjective!

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